PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF ENERGY POLICY IN UKRAINE FROM THE VIEW OF NATIONAL SECURITY

Abstract

The article is devoted to research of actual problems and prospects of development of energy policy of Ukraine from the point of view of national security. The key challenges arising from dependence on imported energy carriers, deterioration of energy infrastructure, insufficient level of development of renewable energy sources and uneven energy development of regions are considered. The author analyzes in detail the influence of these factors on the socio-economic stability of the country and its energy security.It has been found that the main barriers to the stable development of the energy sector are insufficient level of infrastructure modernization, limited financing, low investment attractiveness and lack of long-term state strategy.It is determined that a key role in ensuring energy security is played by the introduction of innovative technologies such as Smart Grid, as well as the development of renewable energy sources. The author focuses on the problems of energy corruption, which weakens the regulation of the industry, creates an imbalance in the market and reduces the confidence of international partners.It justifies prospective directions of improvement of energy policy of Ukraine, including diversification of sources of energy carriers supply, integration into European energy markets, creation of an effective regulatory and legal framework for supporting innovations in the energy sector. Measures for the development of renewable energy sources have been proposed, such as state programs to stimulate investment, finance green energy projects and optimize the regulatory environment. The importance of state support for thermo-modernization and introduction of energy-efficient technologies in industry and the residential sector is emphasized. Special attention should be paid to the issue of Ukraine's integration into European energy systems, which opens access to ENTSO-E and contributes to the stability of electricity supply. Connecting to a pan-European network is seen as a strategic step to reduce dependence on monopoly suppliers and increase energy independence. The article emphasizes that the creation of a transparent energy market and the strengthening of state control over the energy infrastructure are critical for overcoming the challenges in this area.