THE ORIGINS OF POLITICAL IDEAS OF CREATING UKRAINIAN STATEHOOD “IN THE RUS' TRADITION” IN UKRAINIAN POLITICAL THOUGHT

Abstract

Ukrainian political thought, which has been formed over the centuries, is an integral part of the spiritual, intellectual culture of humanity. Without the past there is no future, therefore, turning to the positions of the past allows one to orient oneself in space and time, to find one's place in the present and the future. Today's Ukraine as a state has inherited the traditions of the socio-political life of the peoples who at one time appeared and lived on its territory and created their state associations there. An interesting fact was the “Great Greek colonization” and the process of development of the Northern Black Sea region, the influence of Greek policies on the political development of the East Slavic tribes. The first political associations (proto-states) on the territory of Ukraine appeared in the steppes of the Northern Black Sea region, about which Herodotus, who himself visited this region, provides the most detailed information. The defining, fundamental idea of Ukrainian socio-political thought is freedom, justice, goodness, truth – the basis on which the demands for national independence, social liberation and the establishment of a just democratic system grow. With the emergence of the state and law in the Russian land, the first literary works appeared – “words”, “instructions”, “sermons”, “patericons”, “tales”, “prayers”, etc. The leading idea was the idea of unifying the appanage principalities around the throne of the Grand Duke of Kyiv, overcoming fragmentation.A specific feature of the formation of socio-political thought and legal doctrines in Kievan Rus was the beginning of theoretical traditions of affirming views on the origin of the state and princely power, the relationship between the church and the state, the integrity and sovereignty of political power. The state-legal and political traditions of Ancient Rus were continued for a century by the Volyn-Galician state (principality, kingdom), which was a large state-political formation that became the main political center of the Ukrainian lands in the west. After the decline of the Volyn-Galician state, the advance of the Lithuanians to Volyn, the Dnieper region, Chernihiv-Severshchyna, Podolia grumbled. It was a medieval feudal federation that inherited from Kievan Rus and the Galicia-Volyn state the institutions of state and law, the judicial system, legal proceedings, language, military and administrative organization, in which the Ukrainian principalities enjoyed broad autonomy.