MODELS OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF PENITENTIARY INSTITUTIONS: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND EUROPEAN STANDARDS
Abstract
The article considers six main models of public management of the penitentiary system in the world. It was revealed that the typology of institutional models of the system of execution of punishments is formed based on departmental classification, that is, the penitentiary system belongs to a certain state department. The following models of public management are distinguished: 1) a model of public management in which the penitentiary system is accountable to the Ministry of Internal Affairs or a similar department; 2) the model of public administration, in which the penitentiary system is located in the department of the Ministry of Justice; 3) the public management model, in which the penitentiary system is managed by the joint Ministry of Internal Affairs (police) and the Ministry of Justice; 4) a model of public administration, in which the management of the system of execution of punishments is carried out by a separate independent state department; 5) mixed model of public administration, in which types of punishments are carried out by different departments; 6) public management model, in which the management of the penitentiary system is carried out by bodies and officials. Empirical analysis was carried out and institutional management models of Italy, Spain, Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, Finland, and Norway were characterized. Based on the analysis, the main features and differences of public administration are highlighted. The comparative characteristics are based on the following criteria: 1) the state authority responsible for public administration; 2) degree of transfer of management of the penitentiary system to private companies; 3) organization of the penitentiary system; 4) types/categories of penitentiary institutions; 5) performance indicators of public administration. Differences in the system of execution of punishments according to the criteria of transfer of management of the penitentiary system to private companies, organization of the system of execution of punishments, strategy, policy and practice of resocialization of prisoners were revealed. Differentiation of public management models affects its efficiency indicators.
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