PROGRAMMATIC PRINCIPLES AND MANIFESTATION OF DIGITAL PIRATE PARTIES IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Abstract
The article systematizes the programmatic principles and basic manifestation of digital pirate parties in European countries. It is argued that pirate parties are one of the options of special or specialized parties of postmaterialist values. Since these parties focus on a rather limited range of issues, in particular on copyright and patent law, intellectual property, as well as partly on direct democracy and its modifications in the conditions of the information society. It is noted that pirate parties identify themselves as neither left nor right, but rather non-ideological ones, but they are mostly positioned as left-libertarian ones in practice. At the same time, the ideological position of such parties is unstable, because it changes depending on their electoral success or failure, as well as representation. Although these parties at least partially structure and modify the parameters of political competitiveness in general. In addition, it is found that pirate parties are extremely specific structurally, organizationally, programmatically and even discursively, and therefore they cause very ambiguous political and electoral results. The latter primarily depend on the context and current state of development of inter-party competition in one or another country. More generally, it is found that pirate parties are not very successful in the world and in certain parts of the world currently, but they may become so in the future, in particular at the background of the development of network technologies, communications and thus as a result of changes within the future framework of the political process and competition. This can lead to a deviation of the ideological consensus of the systemic left and right parties, and therefore to a change in the format of inter-party competition in general.
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