CULTURE AND EVERYDAY LIFE OF THE VILLAGE STOVPIAHY (PEREIASLAV REGION) IN MEMOIRS OF MARIIA IVANIVNA DANYCH

Abstract

This article included the field materials of the authors who were recorded in 2017 from the inhabitant of the village Stovpiahy (Pereiaslav region) Mariia Ivanivna Danych. They contain invaluable information about peasant life, customs, rites, calendar rituals, information about native village from the look of children’s and youth observations. This material shows facts that have not been reflected in official documents, but they are important as personal materials. They reflect the actual material “spirit of time”, saturated with observations and thoughts of the respondent about the designed events, details of people’s life and their mood. Investigation of the specifics of cultural phenomena as past and modern generations of Ukrainians is based on the “live” connection of the recorder and the respondent. “Questioning” method is one of the basic methods of collecting primary information about individual structural components of the traditional Ukrainian culture and their functioning, as a certain system and application to persons who have immediate experience or knowledge of the subject or events. The modern researcher has the opportunity to observe the elements of traditional ceremony preserved in modern life and record memories about relic facts from the older generation. It also allows fixing a large number of unique memories, traditions, customs and features of everyday and economic life, that are transferred from generation to generation. Field ethnographic records are the most valuable documents of history. The thorough knowledge of its country, its historical region, its state is needed not only by teachers based on pedagogical material in local history, not only every worker in the cultural sphere, but also to each conscientious citizen of our country. The collection of historical and ethnographic materials should be a main part of scientific work of research, scientific and educational institutions.