HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISM IN THE ACTIVITIES OF POLISH NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the activities of Polish non-governmental organizations in the field of human rights protection. In general, the Polish “third sector” acts as a kind of catalyst and an important factor in the process of building civil society in the country, which is especially evident after 1989 with the fall of the communist regime. It is non-governmental organizations that provide significant support to the population in almost all spheres of life, and legal protection in particular. Examples of already realized positive experience of such activity are given. In particular, the activities of the most authoritative and experienced Polish non-governmental organizations are described – the Polish Red Cross, the Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights, Polish Amnesty International, Caritas, etc. The above NGOs are the largest with the widest range of human rights activities. There are also other organizations in Poland. They are all equally important and promote the idea of human rights. Human rights activism of non-governmental organizations and its forms and scale depend on a number of factors. This includes the political structure of society, historical traditions, the level of knowledge and understanding of citizens of their rights, the level of development of the human rights protection system, financing the activities of organizations. All these factors are to some extent important in the process of implementing human rights activities of NGOs. In the period under study, we see the consolidation of human rights NGOs, their transformation into an active socio-political factor in the country. The experience of Poland, where such an organization once became the core of the struggle for democratic transformation, is increasingly being borrowed by non-governmental organizations in other countries, including Ukraine. Due to the fact that human rights are an important part of the general desire for democracy, the rule of law.
References
2. Nowosielski M. Odradzanie się społeczeństwa obywatelskiego. Rozwój polskiego trzeciego sektora w latach 1989–2008. Poznań : Instytut Zachodni, 2008-2009. 64 s.
3. Symonides M., Symonides J. Wkład organizacji pozarządowych w promocję i ochronę praw człowieka. Stosunki Międzynarodowe. 2004. Nr 1-2. S. 9–24.
4. Cichocka M.Ł. Polski Czerwony Krzyż w latach 1919–2004. Płock : Wyd. Naukowe Novum, 2006. 171 s.
5. Historia PCK. Działalność po roku 1989. URL: http://pck.malopolska.pl/kim-jestesmy/#1509706391599-b341afad-3388
6. Działalność organizacji pozarządowych – 10 lat Doświadczeń: pod rządami ustawy o działalności pożytku publicznego i wolontariacie / Red. nauk.: Monika Falej, Piotr Majer, Urszula Szymańska. Olsztyn, 2015. 392 s.
7. Organizacje pozarządowe zajmujące się pomocą dla uchodźców i migrantów. Opracowania tematyczne. ОТ-650. Kancelaria Senatu. Styczeń 2017. URL: https://www.senat.gov.pl/gfx/senat/pl/senatopracowania/146/plik/ot-650_internet.pdf
8. Беззубенко А.В. Хельсінкський фонд з прав людини в Польщі (1989 – 2004 рр.). Збірник наукових праць Харківського національного педагогічного університету імені Г.С. Сковороди. Сер.: Історія та географія. 2012. № 44. С. 108–110.
9. Historia a prawa człoweka. Warszawa : Ośrodek KARTA, 2013. 212 s.
