EVERYDAY LIFE IN DOBROVELYCHKIVKA DURING WORLD WAR I (BASED ON MATERIALS FROM THE DAILY NEWSPAPER «HOLOS YUGA»)У статті досліджено особливості повсякденного життя мешканців містечка Добровеличківка Єлисаветградського повіту Херсонської губернії у роки Пер

Abstract

The article investigates the peculiarities of everyday life of residents of the town of Dobrovelychkivka in the Yelisavetgrad district of the Kherson province during World War I (1914–1918). Based on publications in the daily newspaper Golos Yuga, the article analyses the local community's participation in supporting the front, organising aid for the wounded, refugees and families of those mobilised, as well as the functioning of cooperative societies during wartime. It is shown that the war significantly transformed the social and economic life of the town, causing price increases, food shortages, widespread speculation and exacerbating social contradictions. It has been established that charitable organisations such as the Dobrovelychkivka Women's Committee and the Refugee Aid Committee operated in the town. It was found that local landowners, women, teachers, and intellectuals made a significant contribution to the work of charitable organisations. It was proven that the lack of railway connections had a negative impact on the economic potential of the Dobrovelychkivsky volost during the war and accelerated the spread of crisis phenomena in the everyday life of the town. Particular attention is paid to the evolution of public sentiment from the patriotic upsurge of 1914 to the growth of social tension and disorganisation in the final years of the war. It has been shown that the activity of charitable organisations gradually declined under the influence of the economic crisis and inflation, and the struggle for food came to the fore. Thus, the study allows us to recreate the local dimension of World War I, highlighting the interaction between state structures and local initiatives, and provides a better understanding of the mechanisms of adaptation of provincial communities to the challenges of global conflict